Motivation Index
https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/MotivationIndex
Motivations are the reasons characters do anything. It brings them to action and directs their choices. These are not WHAT characters do, such as Saving the World or Take Over the World, but WHY they do it, such as For Great Justice or For the Evulz. See the Goals and Objectives Index for what characters are trying to accomplish.
Tropes of motivation
- Aimlessly Seeking Happiness: Characters want to be happy, but don’t know how.
- All-Loving Hero: A character is driven by unconditional love for all.
- Ambition Is Evil: Obsession with self-improvement corrupts.
- Attention Whore: A character wants to be the center of attention.
- Because Destiny Says So: Characters want to fulfill a prophecy.
- Because You Were Nice to Me: One character is loyal to another due to a single kind act.
- Beta Test Baddie: A character is driven by an inferiority complex.
- Career-Building Blunder: When an early mistake provides a character’s motivation.
- Chronic Hero Syndrome: Character is compelled to help everyone, all the time.
- Community-Threatening Construction: When a planned construction site motivates residents to defend their home, which is subject for demolition.
- Concepts Are Cheap: Characters have vague one-word motivations that could really mean anything.
- Control Freak: Someone who wants to have control over themselves, other people and their environment.
- The Dark Side Will Make You Forget: A character who uses evil means to accomplish a good goal loses sight of the goal over time.
- Darwinist Desire: A character wants to reproduce with the fittest mate possible.
- Debt Detester: Character repays debts as soon as possible so as to not owe others.
- Declaration of Protection: A person has their entire motivation built around protecting a vulnerable person (usually a girl).
- Deliberate Under-Performance: A character wants to be average-or-lower in something.
- Desperately Looking for a Purpose in Life: A character on a journey to find a meaningful place in the world.
- Desperately Craves Affection: A character desperate to be loved, and who may go to some extreme lengths to gain it.
- Desperately Needs Orders: A character who completely lacks any kind of initiative and wants someone else to tell them what to do.
- Despotism Justifies the Means: Bad guys who want only power and will do anything to achieve it, not caring about the state things’ll be in.
- Determined Doctor: A healer wants to cure their patient, no matter what.
- Disappointed by the Motive: Disappointment in another character’s motivation.
- Dismotivation: Characters try hard to achieve nothing.
- Driven by Envy: A character wants something someone else has and resents them for it.
- Dystopia Justifies the Means: Bad guys whose goal is to create a nightmarish Crapsack World.
- Embodiment of Vice: A character is driven by a negative quality assigned to them as a defining trait.
- Embodiment of Virtue: A character is driven by the desire to achieve perfection in a certain moral virtue.
- Enemies Equals Greatness: Opposition or mistreatment from others is what gets a character highly motivated to do great things.
- Everyone’s Baby Sister: Threats on a character that everyone cares about gets characters to act against the threat.
- Failure Knight: A character failed to protect someone once and is determined not to fail again.
- Family Honor: A character wants to live up to their family name and bring credit to their family.
- Fighting for a Homeland: A character or group is motivated to fight by their desire for a new homeland.
- Food as Bribe: Some people will do anything for food.
- For Great Justice: Good guys fight so that Justice Will Prevail.
- For Happiness: A character wants to spread joy and cheer.
- For Science!: A character wants to make scientific discoveries, even if they have no real practical purposes.
- For the Evulz: Bad guys do evil because they love evil.
- For the Funnyz: A character makes a joke, usually against their own self-interest, because they love jokes.
- The Four Loves: A character searches for love, in any form.
- Freudian Excuse: Something in a villain’s past causes them to act the way they do, such as parental abuse.
- Freudian Excuse Denial: Nothing in a character’s past is the reason/motivation for any of the questionable actions a character commits in the present.
- Freudian Excuse Is No Excuse: Terrible childhood or not, it still doesn’t justify their crimes.
- Getting Sick Deliberately: A character wants to get themselves sick, for one reason or another.
- Glory Hound: A character who wants to be remembered and will commit atrocities in order to achieve that.
- Glory Seeker: A character wants other people to consider him/her to be a badass.
- Goal in Life: A character’s main motivation through life.
- Gotta Catch Them All: A character wants to pursue a collection.
- Greed: Insatiable desire for material possessions and wealth.
- Green-Eyed Monster: Someone’s desire for what other people have driven them to evil.
- Healthcare Motivation: A character desperately needs money to pay for medical treatment.
- The Hedonist: A character wants to be amused and experience various kinds of pleasure, often at the expense of others.
- Heroism Motive Speech: Hero explains why they became a hero.
- Hidden Agenda Hero: Undeniably a hero, but the motivation for why they do it is unsure.
- Hidden Agenda Villain: They have a motive, but we’re not sure what it is.
- Home Sweet Home: A character is just trying to settle things so they can stay home.
- Honor Before Reason: A character only wants to do the right thing above all else.
- Hope Crusher: A character who wants to make other people fall into despair and crush their hopes.
- Humble Goal: A character wants to do or have something that happens to be simple.
- I Just Want to Be Badass: A character wants to be strong.
- I Just Want to Be Beautiful: A character wants to remain or become beautiful.
- I Just Want to Be Free: A character wants freedom from some sort of bondage.
- I Just Want to Be Loved: A character wants to feel loved.
- I Just Want to Be Normal: A character living an abnormal life wants to live a life without excitement.
- I Just Want to Be Special: A character living a mundane life wants to be more exciting.
- I Just Want to Be You!: A character wants to literally be the person they envy.
- I Just Want to Have Friends: A character or a person who wants friends.
- Inferiority Superiority Complex: Someone wants to raise their self-esteem by adopting an egotistical attitude.
- In Harm’s Way: Characters want excitement and danger in their lives.
- Inspirational Insult: A character gets inspiration from the insults hurled at them.
- I Owe You My Life: A character feels indebted to someone who saved their life.
- It Amused Me: A character who acts purely for their own entertainment.
- It Is Beyond Saving: A character or group of characters wants a society destroyed and/or abandoned under the impression that it is beyond saving.
- It’s Personal: A character does something for a personal reason.
- I Want My Beloved to Be Happy: A character wants the person they love to be happy, even at the risk of their own happiness.
- “I Want” Song: Exposition of a character’s motivation in the form of a song at the beginning of the story.
- I Want to Be a Real Man: A character wants to be masculine or prove his masculinity.
- I Will Find You: A character wants to find a lost or kidnapped loved one, whatever the cost.
- Just Here for the Free Snacks
- Lazy Bum: Characters with an extreme lack of motivation.
- Legacy Seeker: A character is obsessed with leaving a lasting mark on the world.
- Living Out a Childhood Dream: What you could only dream of as a child becomes possible when you’re an adult.
- Loves Only Gold: A character is obsessed with a particular form of wealth and will do anything to obtain it.
- Lust: Insatiable desire for something that doesn’t properly have material existence, typically sexual pleasure or something more abstract (power, respect, knowledge, etc.).
- MacGuffin: It doesn’t matter what it does, but all the characters want it.
- Mission Creep: You signed up for a mission which requires you to do a lot of grinding, sidetracking, and unrelated tasks to achieve it, risking compromise and failure.
- Moral Pragmatist: You can turn a villain into a hero, if you can convince them that their methods hurt their motivation.
- Motivated by Fear: Fear is a powerful motivator.
- Motivation on a Stick
- Motivational Kiss: A character (usually male) becomes more confident and self-determined after receiving a kiss from a Love Interest.
- Motivational Lie: A character is motivated into doing something they were initially reluctant to do after being lied to about it.
- Motive Decay: A character has a great motivation but forgets it eventually.
- Motive Rant: A villain gives a monologue about their motives.
- My Country, Right or Wrong: A character do what needs to be done for the benefit of their country.
- My Master, Right or Wrong: A character do what needs to be done for the benefit of their master.
- Nature Lover: a character is driven by an affinity for the natural world
- Never Be Hurt Again: A character seeks to ensure that no one will ever hurt or take advantage of them again, usually by becoming a badass.
- New Year’s Resolution: A character tries to use the promise of a New Year to create motivation.
- Not in This for Your Revolution: A character is involved in an admirable pursuit for un-heroic reasons. Not necessarily evil, just not heroic.
- Not-So-Well-Intentioned Extremist: Their goals (or what they tell themselves and others about the goals) sound high-minded, but the actual motive isn’t very noble at all.
- Only in It for the Money: A character works for a particular side just because doing so will be profitable.
- Oppose What You Suffered: A character is motivated to fight against something that caused them to suffer in their past.
- Peer-Pressured Bully: A character is motivated to bully someone due to societal pressure.
- Pep-Talk Song: A song meant to increase the characters’ confidence.
- Physical Therapy Plot: A character becomes disable after severe injuries and begins taking physical therapy to become mobile again. Frequently featuring characters pulling through via their mental willpower and dedication to keep going.
- Pinocchio Syndrome: A character wants to be human, or to regain their humanity.
- The Power of Apathy: The character’s lack of motivation saves the day.
- The Power of Friendship: A character is motivated by their friends.
- The Power of Hate: A character desires what’s worst for others.
- The Power of Love: A character desires good.
- Pride: Characters value themselves and want to feel as if they’re worth something.
- Prized Possession Giveaway: A character gives something they hold dearly to another person as a gift, wishing that person to accept it.
- Pursue the Dream Job: A character desires a specific job and follows their heart.
- Rage Against the Heavens: A character wants the gods to pay for what they’ve done.
- Revenge: A character wants another character to pay for what he’s done.
- Restart the World: A character wants to destroy the world and start over.
- Rich Boredom: A character wants to need to do something.
- Sadist: A character wants to make others suffer for their own pure enjoyment.
- Samaritan Syndrome: A character feels guilt over the people they could save, but don’t.
- Screw Destiny: Characters want to go against a prophecy and prove it wrong.
- Seeks Another’s Resurrection: One character seeks to resurrect another character who has died.
- Seven Deadly Sins: A classic categorization of vices into seven basic motivations.
- Seven Heavenly Virtues: A classic categorization of virtues into seven basic motivations.
- Signed Up for the Dental: The job sucks, but the benefits are worth it.
- Survivor Guilt: A character doesn’t want anyone else to die in their stead.
- There’s No Place Like Home: A character wants to go home again.
- They Called Me Mad!: A character is motivated by the mockery he’s received in the past.
- Thrill Seeker: A character is motivated by their search for excitement.
- To Create a Playground for Evil: A character wants to make the world an eviller place.
- Tragic Dream: The character is motivated by the desire for something they can never have.
- Trapped in Villainy: A villain only performs villainous acts because, if they don’t, they’ll die.
- Troll: Characters who amuse themselves by provoking others.
- Undying Loyalty: A character is motivated by desire to help someone or something they care about.
- Unstoppable Rage: A character becomes furious enough to unleash everything they have on an opponent.
- Utopia Justifies the Means: Characters, usually bad guys, who wish to create a better world but will go to extreme lengths to achieve it.
- Villainous Glutton: A self-indulgent villain with an insatiable appetite.
- “Well Done, Son” Guy: Someone who yearns for their parent or role model’s approval, regardless of whether they’re likely to give it.
- “Well Done, Dad!” Guy: Parents or role models who longs for the approval of their children/followers.
- Well-Intentioned Extremist: A character has noble goals but goes about achieving them ruthlessly.
- Working for a Body Upgrade: Characters want their boss to repair or improve their physique/looks/abilities.
How to Create Character Motivations That Will Rivet Your Readers
Everything we do in life is driven by our motivations.
Some motivations are good, others bad. Still, some are complex while others are far from rocket science. Whatever the case, every single action we take is a result of our reasoning. The same should hold true for your characters.
I’ve said it before, and I’ll say it again: the key to hooking your readers into the story is to create a relatable and engaging narrative. Readers are naturally drawn to stories that make the characters’ experiences feel real. When they can relate, they can connect, and making connections is the most surefire way to get them engaged. In theory, riveting your readers is just that easy. In real life, well…get your magic wand ready because you’re about to work some magic.
Riveting your readers is no simple task, but there are a few things that you can do to put your best foot forward:
- Add instant drama to your story by creating a rockin’ MC and a powerful villain.
- Write in Deep POV to get inside the mind of your characters.
- Create formidable character motivations that will engage your readers on a higher level.
Today, we’re talking about those character motivations. But what motivations can you use? And just how can you implement them in your work? Don’t worry. I’ve got the answers for you!
Breaking Down the Hook
So, we’ve already said that character motivations can hook readers into the story, but there is a difference between saying that they do and actually knowing how they do it. Let’s break it down and really examine how motivations work to grip the reader:
1) They reveal characterization. There are hundreds of different motivations that you can give your characters, and each of them reveals either who your character is or who they want to become. In doing so, readers get a glimpse of your character’s personality, preferences, and desires. Readers get to know who your character is at heart.
2) They distinguish characters. Character motivations help your readers distinguish between the good, bad, and grey characters in your novel. The motivations that drive your character throughout the plot, and especially those that lead up to the story’s climax, will reveal if they are ultimately a hero or a villain.
3) They drive action. Motivations drive people to action. The most riveting of motivations are those that encourage your characters to make bold decisions. Whether those decisions are brave or foolish may vary from scene to scene, but the action that results from either helps drive your story forward.
4) They create drama. When two characters’ motivations are at odds, your story is in for some serious tension. And nothing is more suspenseful than tension that seems unbreakable. Readers will be chomping at the bit to see what will happen next.
When this tension finally spills over into conflict, your characters’ motivations have successfully created some intense drama for your narrative.
5) They spawn character growth. Most novels have character-driven plots, which means that they feature the journey of a dynamic, evolving character. In essence, your character starts out as one person and ends their journey as someone new.
Motivations are what spawn these types of epic character growth. Something troubling or inspiring occurs and your character chooses to take on a journey that will change who they are at heart.
Want to learn more about all of the awesome ways that your characters influence plot?
Motivation Tropes to Avoid
So, we’ve established that character motivations provide a lot of value and clarity to your novel. They make for awesome story elements! But that doesn’t mean that every character motivation is fair game. I take that back. You are the master creator.
Technically speaking, all character motivations are fair game for you, but that doesn’t mean that you should actually use them all.
Perhaps this is just my personal preference, but here are three motivation tropes that I think all writers should absolutely avoid. They’ve been done over and over again, to the point of exhaustion. It is high time that we writers just let them go.
1) The Ultimate Sacrifice. Obi-Wan. Dumbledore. Syrio Forel. Gandalf. What do all these characters have in common? Spoiler Alert: They are the hero’s mentor and they sacrifice themselves.
The mentor’s ultimate sacrifice is supposed to be a powerful thing. They have spent the majority of the novel training up our little hero to conquer evil, teaching them all they know. The only thing left for the mentor to do is to sacrifice themselves to the villain.
In doing so, they can protect and motivate the hero. So when the time comes, they accept their death with grace. Shouldn’t that mean something?
Unfortunately, such deaths rarely give readers the heart-wrenching feelings that they should. Why? Because this trope is so prevalent that readers were expecting the death in the first place. They steeled themselves up for it from page one, so the sacrifice itself came as no big shock.
Now I know what you’re thinking.
“But Kristen, the mentors you listed are all from super-popular books. I love them! Why shouldn’t I do my own?”
I hear you, writer. I love these books as well! But that doesn’t mean that I want to read the same sacrifice scene in every book I pick up. If you believe that The Ultimate Sacrifice is absolutely integral to your plot, then go for it!
But try not to take the same old approach as every other writer. Do something fresh and exciting with this scene. Give it a twist. Believe me, your readers will thank you for it.
2) World Dominance. Smart villains make for the best villains. Why? Because smart villains are truly terrifying! Their wicked cunning and insane skills make readers legitimately worried that your hero might not succeed.
For this very reason, avoid giving your villain the desire to conquer the entire world. It simple cannot be done. Genghis Khan? Alexander the Great? Charlemagne? None of this extremely powerful men ever conquered all of humanity.
If your villain thinks that world dominance is possible, they are clearly a bit dim, and you don’t want a lackluster villain. Leave idiotic antagonists for slapstick comedies and children’s television shows, and make your villain terrifyingly intelligent. In doing so, you’ll make them memorable.
3) Pure Honor. Don’t get this trope confused with just regular ole’ honor. What I’m talking about here is the noble character that never doubts themselves or asks questions. They always know exactly what they’ll do next.
This type of hero just isn’t realistic. They see the world as black and white when, in fact, it is grey. Their pure honor actually encourages them to make foolish decisions. And just like you don’t want an idiotic villain, you don’t want a unintelligent hero.
Everyone has doubts. Everyone questions their moral code. If your hero is going to be greatly concerned with honor, you need to make sure that they still ask questions. If they know exactly what to do, they aren’t going to impress your readers.
And that is the exact opposite of what we are trying to achieve.
Motivation Questionnaire
Now that we’ve got that nasty business out of the way, let’s talk about the basics of writing strong character motivations. There are several things your readers need to know about every notable action your character takes.
Here are a few questions for you to answer:
1) What is the motivation? Well, duh, right? Readers must know the motivations behind your POV character’s actions if you want to rivet them. Don’t leave your readers in the dark; make your character’s motivations clear as day.
2) Where did their motivation come from? There are two types of motivations: internal and external.
Internal motivations are forged from within a character. The character chooses to take action because of who they are or what they’ve done.
On the other hand, when a supporting character’s words or actions inspire your character, the motivation is considered external.
Whatever the case, don’t make an action come out of the blue. Show readers why your character acted in the way they did by revealing where the motivation came from.
3) What does the motivation say about your character? You’ve probably heard the phrase, “Actions speak louder than words,” and it’s true.
In literary terms, character actions speak louder than dialogue and exposition combined. If you are following the old ‘show, don’t tell’ rule, your character’s motivations and resulting actions will reveal a lot about their personality, backstory, and goals.
4) How does the motivation and its resulting action affect others? Actions have consequences. Your character’s motivations and actions will affect the people around them. It can be a negative or a positive consequence, but it is a consequence in either case.
To make things more complex, a positive consequence can result from a negative motivation and vice-versa. Whatever the intention, show that your character’s motivations will affect the supporting cast of your novel in some way to keep things feeling real.
5) What does the supporting cast think of your character’s motivations? People love to gossip about not only what others are doing, but why they are doing those things.
Just the same, supporting characters will have something to say about your character’s actions and motivations. What does your character think about the supporting characters’ opinions? Will their motivations change in the future, or will they stay true to their current course?
Bonus Character Motivation Tips
We’ve nailed down all of the character motivation basics. Let’s journey on to some bonus tips, shall we? Apply the tips below to your own work to spice up your story.
1) Basic motivations are relatable, but not thrilling. Everyone experiences basic motivations. Hunger, curiosity, peer pressure…they are all very real to your reader because they experience them on an almost daily basis. Because of that, these motivations don’t always make for the most exciting drama.
Your reader is looking to be thrilled. They want your book to sweep them off their feet and into another life. You can’t very well do that if your characters’ only motivations are so basic that your reader is left yawning.
Keep your basic motivations to a minimum in your story. Don’t get rid of them completely; your readers need to see the humanity in your characters. But consider only using basic motivations when your story seems especially wild or unrealistic.
If some crazy stuff has been going on in your novel, a basic motivation can help bring your story back down to earth.
2) Heroes can have evil motivations while villains can have noble ones. Even your most black and white characters should experience a bit of a grey area at some point in your novel. They don’t have to reach Holden-Caulfield-level grey, but a bit of contrary motivation can really spice up your story, making your characters seem truly realistic.
Some of the most horrible men in history still did decent things while earth’s most righteous men occasionally made mistakes. That’s life. And it should happen in your story, too.
3) Fear motivations are the wild card.Fear can either drive a character to great acts of courage or to new levels of cowardice. Either path is relatable for your readers since they’ve probably experienced them both at some point.
The important thing to remember is that fear does not necessarily make a character weak. That’s a theme that tends to pop up a lot in novels that utilize the Hero’s Journey. See for yourself…